![]() Note that a period can be used to indicate a missing value for either character or numeric variables. If there are any missing values, they must be indicated by a placeholder, such as a period. Each value is separated from the next by one or more blanks. Raw data values separated by blanks are often called list or free-form data. Reading blank separated values ( list or free-form data) Other statements may be added to the data step to create new variables, carry out data transformations, or recode variables. The data step for reading raw data from a file has 3 essential statements: The part of SAS that creates a new data set is the data step as we discussed before. Fixed-column data (often the form of data from government agencies, or research groups, such as ICPSR–the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research) Tab-separated values (.txt files–these may come from a number of different applications, including Excel).Comma-separated values (.csv files–these typically come from Excel) Blank separated values (with data in list form) Some commonly used raw data file types are: To be able to read a raw data file, you will need a codebook that gives information about the data contained in the file. You can check & read raw data in SAS by using a text editor or word processing program.įor small files, you can use Windows Notepad, for larger files you can use Microsoft Word or Word Perfect (be sure if you open your raw data file with a word processing program, that you save it as text only or unformatted text when you quit). The first step is to be sure that you know the characteristics of the raw data file in SAS. Read Raw data in SAS, files (sometimes called ascii files, flat files, text files or unformatted files) can come from many different sources: when exported from a database program, such as Access, from a spreadsheet program, such as Excel. This results in the following output, which shows that data have been entered for 12 cases:ġ2 17 19 F 3. If you want to enter raw data in SAS on the same line for several cases, you can use the symbol: Entering data for more than one case on the same line The data do not need to be lined up exactly in columns. It is important to have something as a placeholder for each variable, even when the value is missing.Ī period (.) will serve to indicate a missing value for both numeric and character variables entered in this way. Note: There should be at least one blank between each data value. A semicolon on a line by itself to end the data.You will need 4 basic types of statements to enter data of this type: It is a quick and easy way to enter data into SAS for analysis. If you are planning to enter a small amount of data, it will be convenient to type the data in the SAS program rather than reading it from another file.
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